လြယ္ကူေလ့လာအဂၤလိပ္စာ...,

ဒီသင္ခန္းစာမွာေတာ့ ယဥ္ေက်းစြာရွင္းျပပံုကို ေလ့လာပါမယ္။

Unit 5 Polite explanation and apology (ယဥ္ေက်းစြာရွင္းျပေတာင္းပန္ျခင္း)

1.
Customer      : Can I book a double room for Tuesday night?
Staff             : I’m sorry, the hotel is full on Tuesday.
2.
Customer      : I’d like to reserve a table for Sunday lunch.
Staff             : Unfortunately, we are closed on Sundays.
3
Customer      : Could I book a family room for the Christmas weekend.
Staff             : I’m afraid we’re fully booked that weekend.
4
Customer      : Do you have a table for six tomorrow evening.
Staff             : I’m sorry, we don’t have anything left for tomorrow.
5
Customer      : Can I reserve a parking space for the weekend.
Staff             : Unfortunately, the car park’s full this weekend.
6
Customer      : I’d like to book a table for Monday lunch.
Staff             : I’m sorry, we only open in the evenings.
7
Customer      : Does the bathroom have a bath.
Staff             : I’m afraid there’s only a shower.
7
Customer      : Can I speak to Mr. Reeks in room 345.
Staff             : I’m sorry, there’s no answer from room 345.
ေလ့လာထားရမည့္ expression မ်ား

•  I’m sorry, the hotel is full on Tuesday. ၀မ္းနည္းပါတယ္ရွင္။ ဟိုတယ္မွာအဂၤါေန႔အတြက္အခန္းျပည့္ေနပါၿပီ။
• I’d like to reserve a table for Sunday lunch. တနဂၤေႏြေန႔ ေန႔လည္စာအတြက္ စားပြဲတစ္လံုးေနရာဦးခ်င္လို႔ပါ။
• Unfortunately, we are close on Sundays. အခန္႔မသင့္လိုက္တာ။ ကၽြန္ေတာ္တို႔တနဂၤေႏြေန႔ေတြပိတ္ပါတယ္။
• I’m afraid we’re fully booked that weekend. အားနာလိုက္တာ။ ဒီစေနတနဂၤေႏြအတြက္ အခန္းျပည့္ေနပါၿပီ။
• I’m sorry, we don’t have anything left for tomorrow. ၀မ္းနည္းပါတယ္ခင္ဗ်ာ။ မနက္ျဖန္အတြက္ေနရာမက်န္ေတာ့လို႔ပါ။
• Does the bathroom have a bath. ေရခ်ိဳးခန္းမွာ ေရခ်ိဳးေၾကြဇလားရွိပါသလား။

ေလ့လာထားရမည့္ေ၀ါဟာရမ်ား

accept = လက္ခံသည္
left = ၾကြင္းက်န္သည္
bath = ေရခ်ိဳးေၾကြဇလား။ (ေရပူေရေအးျဖင့္ ဇိမ္ခံအနားယူေရခ်ိဳးႏိုင္ရန္)
apologize = ေတာင္းပန္သည္။ apology = ေတာင္းပန္စကား

ေလ့လာထားရမည့္၀ါက်တည္ေဆာက္ပံုမ်ား

Present simple (short forms)
စာေရးသားတဲ့အခါ စကားတိုင္းကို တစ္လံုးျခင္းေရးသားၾကတာျဖစ္ေပမယ့္ စကားေျပာတဲ့အခါမွာေတာ့ တစ္လံုးနဲ႔တစ္လံုးဆက္ကာ အတိုေကာက္အျဖစ္ေျပာင္း သြားတတ္ပါတယ္။

affirmative		Negative
long form	short form	long form	short form
I am	I’m	I am	I’m not
He is	He’s	He is	He isn’t
They are	They’re	They are	They aren’t
We are	we’re	We are	We aren’t
It is	It’s	It is	It isn’t
There is	There’s	There is	There isn’t
		I cannot	I can’t
		I do not	I don’t

* It’s နဲ႔ Its  ကိုမၾကာခဏေရာေထြးတတ္ၾကပါတယ္။ It’s က It is ရဲ႕အတိုေကာက္ျဖစ္ၿပီး Its က ”၄င္း၏” လို႔အဓိပၸါယ္ရတဲ့ possessive form တစ္ခုပါ။
* I amn’t လို႔သံုးလို႔မရပါဘူး။ ဗီြဒီယိုေတြထဲမွာ လမ္းသူရဲေတြ၊ African American ေတြ I ain’t လို႔ေျပာတာမၾကာခဏၾကားဖူးပါလိမ့္မယ္။ ဒါဟာ very informal ျဖစ္လို႔မသံုးသင့္ပါဘူး။
“I ain’t gonna use ‘ain’t’ anymore, ’cuz ‘ain’t ’ ain’t in the dictionary.” လို႔ေျပာတာၾကားရရင္ရယ္ၾကပါလိမ့္မယ္။

Written Apologies

ဧည့္သည္ကေတာင္းဆိုလာခ်က္မ်ားကိုကိုယ္ကျဖည့္ဆည္းမေပးႏိုင္သည့္အခါေတြလည္းရွိတတ္ပါတယ္။ ဒီလိုအခါမ်ိဳးမွာ ယဥ္ေက်းစြာနဲ႔တဘက္သားလက္ခံလာေအာင္အက်ိဳးသင့္အေၾကာင္း သင္ရွင္းျပေတာင္းပန္ တတ္ရပါမယ္။ ဒီမွာအပိုင္းႏွစ္ပိုင္းရွိပါတယ္။ ပထမဦးစြာ ဧည့္သည္၏ေတာင္းဆိုမႈကို ျဖည့္ဆည္းမေပးႏိုင္တဲ့ အတြက္ေၾကာင့္ ၀မ္းနည္းေၾကာင္းေျပာျခင္းနဲ႔ မလုပ္ေပးႏိုင္သည့္အေၾကာင္းအရင္းကို ရွင္းျပျခင္းတို႔ပဲျဖစ္ပါတယ္။

ေအာက္ပါ၀ါက်မ်ားကိုေလ့လာၾကည့္ပါ။

1. We regret that we cannot confirm your reservation. Unfortunately, the hotel is fully booked on Saturday.
2. We regret that we cannot reserve you a table for four on Sunday evening.
3. I regret that the restaurant is closed all day on Wednesday.
4. I regret that we cannot reserve you a double room this evening. Unfortunately, we only have single rooms  left.
5. We regret that there aren't any single rooms left on Monday night.

ေလ့က်င့္ခန္း

၁။ ေအာက္ပါ၀ါက်မ်ားကို အတိုေကာက္သံုးၿပီးျပန္ေရးပါ။

1. I am sorry, but we are closed in January.
2. We do not have a reservation for tonight.
3. I am afraid I cannot reserve you a table.
4. He is the hotel manager.
5. They are not open on Mondays.
6. She cannot work today. She is not in town.
7. He does not want a single room.
8. I am sorry, we do not have a table for tomorrow.
9. Here is you room key. You are in room 409.
၂။ ေအာက္ပါေတာင္းဆိုမႈမ်ားကို ျငင္းပယ္ပါ။ ၿပီးလွ်င္ ကြင္းအတြင္းမွအေၾကာင္းခ်က္တို႔ကိုအသံုးျပဳ၍   short form ျဖင့္ျပန္လည္ေရးသားပါ။

Example - Can I reserve a table for tomorrow night? (no tables)

I'm sorry, we don't have any tables.

1. I'd like to book a family room for the Easter weekend. (fully booked)
2. Can I have a parking space, please? (full)
3. Can I reserve a table for four for Tuesday? (closed on Tuesdays)
4. I'd like to speak to Mr Keane in room 248, please. (no answer)
5. I'd like to book a table for Sunday lunch. (only open evening.
3။ ေလ့က်င့္ခန္း၂ မွ ေတာင္းဆိုခ်က္မ်ားကို ေတာင္းပန္လႊာ written apology ျပန္ေရးပါ။

Example
I regret that we can't reserve you a table for tomorrow night. Unfortunately, there's no tables left for tomorrow night.
ဒီသင္ခန္းစာမွာေတာ့အဓိကေလ့လာစရာေ၀ါဟာရနဲ႔ structure သိပ္မ်ားမ်ားစားစားမရွိပါဘူး။ be, can, do တို႔ရဲ႕ contracted forms ေလးေတြကိုပိုင္ပိုင္ႏိုင္ႏိုင္ျဖစ္ေအာင္က်ိဳးစားဖို႔ တိုက္တြန္းလိုက္ပါတယ္။

Never ruin an apology with an excuse.
- Kimberly Johnson
ေတာင္းပန္တာကို ဆင္ေျခေၾကာင့္မပ်က္စီးေစနဲ႔။
An apology is the superglue of life. It can repair just about anything.
- Lynn Johnston
ေတာင္းပန္တယ္ဆိုတာဘ၀ရဲ႕ဆင္ေကာ္ပါပဲ။ သူကအရာအားလံုးလိုလိုကိုျပန္ျပင္ေပးႏုိင္တယ္။